Pate is a popular food among various groups of population. Sufficient attention is paid to the issues of expanding the range and technology of pate production in many countries. The authors have determined the preferences of consumers of the city of Yekaterinburg with respect to meat pate. 89% of respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the color of pate, including those from poultry meat, the presence of a specific smell and taste of by-products, considering low organoleptic indicators as a barrier factor. At the same time, 94% expressed willingness to buy poultry pate on the condition of improving its consumer properties. Considering current trends in nutrition, the expansion of the range of pate with various herbal ingredients that enhance the nutritional value of products is a hot topic. The authors have developed and scientifically grounded the recipe and technology of poultry pate with the addition of a plant component - beet powder; its quality has been evaluated. Regulated indicators of quality and shelf life of the obtained products have been determined and a set of technical documentation has been developed. The resulting pate is characterized by improved organoleptic characteristics, in particular, by adjusting beet powder color - pleasant with a pink tinge. Features of the developed recipe and technology of pate due to the use of muscle tissue of broiler chickens allowed to obtain a product of a high biological value - the protein content is 16%. Histological studies have proved the compatibility and equal distribution of the plant component in the pate.

Development of food industry provides for the satisfaction of the Russian population with high-quality food products with high consumer properties. Beer is popular in many countries of the world due to its taste and aroma. Considering beer as a food product, it is advisable to speak not only about its nutritional value, but also about its impact on human health. Beer combines a large number of flavoring and aromatic components that are present in concentrations below or close to the taste threshold. When the concentrations exceed the threshold, the taste and color will differ from the standard; and the standard of beer is the balance between bitterness, acidity, sweetness, alcohol content, concentration of esters and pleasant hop aroma. Therefore, one of the research tasks is intensification of modern production processes associated with the influence of the quality of raw ingredients on consumer properties of beer. The article studies and assesses the quality of drinking water and yeast races used in technological production processes, and one of the research tasks is to determine the content of diacetyl, superior alcohols and esters in the finished beer, affecting the organoleptic and consumer indicators of beer. Physical and chemical and organoleptic indicators of beer were determined by the methods of the current GOST and GOST R. The conducted research confirmed again the dependence of the influence of the quality of raw materials and yeast races on the organoleptic and consumer indicators of high-quality beer.

Post-harvest preparation of tobacco leaves for drying is a time-consuming process, which includes the delivery of leaves by bundles from the field, sheet layouts for preliminary withering, collecting leaves in packs and feeding them for fastening to cassettes, cords. The problem is to reduce the complexity of the process. The aim of the research is to develop a new technology for harvesting and post-harvest preparation of tobacco for drying, to determine the effectiveness of its use. The technology is based on the method of harvesting tobacco leaves in tiers with oriented packing in the breathable roll collector, transportation and temporary storage of leaves in the drive for the purpose of their withering directly in the collector. The effect of withering time of leaves in the collector on the quality of the dried raw materials was studied. Methods of visual analysis of commercial quality, instrumental studies of the chemical composition of raw materials and its technological properties were used. The technology was studied on the leaves of petiolar and sessile-leaved varieties of tobacco. Technology of preparing leaves for drying on the basis of a roll collector reduces the labor-intensity of post-harvest processing, increases productivity by 3-10 times, depending on the method of drying, has the prospect of using it on various tobacco variety.

Rheological properties of beet chips are one of the main factors determining the effectiveness of its diffusion desugarization and subsequent pressing. The article presents the results of studies aimed at comparing the three most widely used industrial methods of extragent processing in terms of their influence on rheological properties of beet chips. It has been shown that distortion of sugared chips after ten-minute compression with a pressure of 0.16 kp/cm² and a subsequent ten-minute relaxation after treatment with an extractant using sulfuric acid makes up 32.11% and 19.68% respectively, distortion of chips after processing with an extractant using sulfuric acid in mixtures with freshly prepared gypsum makes up 34.08% and 23.05%, and distortion of chips after treatment with an extractant using sulfuric anhydride - 36.81% and 25.25%. On the basis of the obtained data, the elastic moduli were calculated, which made up 79,72 kPa, 68.07 kPa and 62.15 kPa, respectively. Under production conditions, an increase in the content of dry substances in the pressed pulp can be about 3.30% when processed with an extractant using sulfuric anhydride, and about 2.87% when treated with an extractant with sulfuric acid in a mixture with freshly prepared gypsum through the achievement of optimal rheological properties of spent beet chips.

Non-smoking tobacco products are considered to be an alternative to cigarette use. Non-smoking products differ in appearance, way of consumption, ingredient composition, toxicity level, manufacturing technology, physiological effect. Recently, there has been a steady increase in the consumption of both chewing tobacco and non-tobacco nicotine-containing products in Russia. A large variety of non-smoking products creates certain problems with product identification. To determine technological and consumer characteristics (humidity, fractional composition, nicotine content) of non-smoking tobacco, methods commonly used in the tobacco industry were used. The purpose of the research is to obtain experimental data for an objective assessment of toxic load and quality characteristics of non-smoking products of the studied brands. The objects of the research are samples of non-smoking products of the following trademarks: LYFT, Captain Black, Corvus, White FOX, Skruf, Odens, CUT, Ckif, ZYN, EPOK, THUNDER. The article presents the results of studies of consumer characteristics (tasting evaluation, humidity, extraction rate, fractional composition, nicotine content) of non-smoking products. As a result of the research, identification signs of non-smoking nicotine-containing products have been established and directions for further work to assess the toxicity level of a segmental product have been determined.

The problem of improving the quality and reducing the toxicity of tobacco products is relevant and directly related to health. In 2008 the Russian Federation joined the WHO FCTC (Framework Convention of the World Health Organization on Tobacco Control) and since then has been pursuing a policy of applying and introducing WHO recommendations into the tobacco product regulatory system. In accordance with the current «Technical Regulations on Tobacco Products» of the Customs Union (ТР ТС 035/2014 TR), manufacturers are obliged to submit a report containing information on the composition of tobacco products sold during the reporting calendar year and on the substances they evolve in the form approved by the Eurasian Economic Commission (Article 6 of the TR CU 035/2014) annually to the authorized body of the Member State in the field of health. The information on the content of various toxic substances is provided in the report blank, which is now undergoing the procedure of consideration and approval. To assess and monitor the content of harmful toxic substances in cigarette smoke, in ETHS (electronic tobacco heating systems) and ENDS (electronic nicotine delivery systems) aerosols, the World Health Organization has determined the list of nine priority toxic components (benzapilene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein , nitrosonornicotine (NNN), 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino-)-1-(3-pyridyl-)-1-butanone (NNK), benzene, 1,3-butadiene, carbon monoxide). The article deals with the chemical composition of tobacco smoke aerosol and the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoke. The chemical toxicological characteristics and review of methods for its determination are given. The necessity of developing a national standard for the determination of benzapilene to control the quality and safety of cigarettes, ENDS aerosol, ETHS, which are circulated on the Russian market, is substantiated.

A new plant - based biocomplex has been developed in the form of dietary supplements for prophylaxis and complex treatment. The biocomplex functional properties are determined by biochemical and pharmacological characteristics of its biologically active ingredients: vitamin A, grape seed extract, licorice root, quercetin, lemon balm herb, birch leaves, Pau Darko bark, anise seeds, plantain leaves, linden flowers, bromelain, vitamin C, mullein flowers, Althea root. Matrix tablet technology is used in the manufacture of dietary supplements. The innovativeness of the technology lies in the structure of the tabletted form, consisting of three types of biomer granules, providing controlled speed and prolonged release of active principles and their targeted delivery. Regulated quality indicators, including nutritional value, mg per 1 tablet are established: ascorbic acid - 25; quercetin - 6.25. The study of safety criteria made it possible to determine the sell-by date of 3 years at a temperature not exceeding 25⁰С, in a dry, dark place. The results of clinical studies serve as evidence of the effectiveness and functional orientation of the developed product including it in the diet of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Test materials indicate a positive effect of dietary supplements on the functional state of the bronchi, immunity, resistance to infectious diseases and the effectiveness of traditional treatment of the bronchopulmonary system. An expert assessment and approbation of a specialized product with the inclusion in the Federal Register of dietary supplements have been made.

Tobacco raw materials of various botanical, commercial varieties grown in different climatic conditions have significant differences in chemical composition. In the manufacture of smoking products tobacco bags are used that contain various crops of tobacco with different chemical composition. The constancy of tasting properties of cigarettes is provided by the selection of components in tobacco bags. Sauce-dipping of raw tobacco is an integral part of the modern technological process of producing smoking articles. The component composition of sauces depends on the chemical composition of raw tobacco, but the main components are sugars, moisturizers and various flavor additives (cocoa, licorice, etc.) [3, P. 64]. The task of the long-term studies conducted at the FSBSI ARSRITTP is to study the dynamics and direction of the processes occurring during the storage of cigarettes containing sauces, flavors, expanded and reconstituted tobacco, extended leaf vein. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of terms and storage conditions on tobacco smoke toxicity indicators and consumer properties, which will make it possible to develop scientifically based recommendations for determining the optimal shelf life of cigarettes on the basis of the data obtained. The research has been conducted since 2017 and 32 indicators of various types of cigarettes have been monitored since then [5, P. 208-212]. The article discusses the changes in the content of carbohydrates in tobacco during storage of cigarettes for a long time.

Preservation of commercial quality and nutritional value of crop production is one of the most important and most relevant areas of research for scientists working in the interests of the agro-industrial complex. The article presents the results of studying the influence of the method of pre-storage processing and storage parameters on the organoleptic quality parameters of carrot and beet roots. The objects of the study were the carrot root of Abaco table variety and the beet root of the Ronda variety. The root crops were treated with extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and Vitaplan and Bactofit biopreparations before storage. After the treatment, the roots were stored at +2±1°С for 56 days and +25±1°С for 21 days. Evaluation of quality indicators was carried out using a scoring organoleptic scale for the following indicators: shape, appearance, color, smell, taste, freshness, integrity. As a result of the research, it has been established that the total score of the organoleptic evaluation of the root crops subjected to pre-treatment is higher compared with the control in all experiments. Integrated treatment of roots with extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and biological preparations has proved to be a processing method that ensures the highest preservation of root crops quality.

The chemical composition of molasses, namely, the complex of macro- and microelements, along with the 45-50 % sucrose content in it, makes it promising to obtain new types of products from it. The article presents the results of research of domestic and foreign scientists aimed at microbiological, physical, chemical and enzymatic effects on molasses in order to synthesize and isolate biologically active substances. By identifying the optimal conditions for microbiological exposure to molasses, the researchers synthesized 4.6 g of bacterial cellulose in 1 liter of molasses , 10.5 g of lipids, 176 mg of nisin, 14 g of succinoglycan, 7 g of lactic acid, 37 g of D-psicose as well as enzymes: 2237 units of β-amylase and 36.1 units of invertase. Moreover, a bacterial suspension was created, which had a stimulating effect on the development of wheat seeds, which can later be used as fertilizers. The results of studies on the processing of molasses by a complex of enzymes and / or chemical reagents made it possible to synthesize hydroxymethylfurfurol, phenolic compounds, antioxidants, including anthocyanins, as well as to obtain various oligosaccharides, anti-icers and long-acting fertilizers.

An innovative technology and adjustable parameters for the production of a new vitamin-mineral complex for the regulation of metabolic disorders in bone injuries have been developed. The controlled production parameters include: mixture preparation (parts 1, 2) for encapsulation - 1 hour per 100 kg, sieving the mixture through a 1 mm sieve, mixing parts 1 and 2 for 60 minutes, pressing the capsule mass on ZANASI 40E capsule machine with working pressure of 50 n. Innovative technological solutions allow us to sort out prescription ingredients, according to their chemical and pharmacological incompatibility, to deliver them consistently to different parts of the gastrointestinal tract at a given speed. The specified functional orientation is complemented by biochemical and pharmacological characteristics of prescription components and their synergistic properties in relation to metabolic processes in bone injuries, which helps to substantiate scientifically qualitative and quantitative composition of a new vitamin-mineral complex. The quality indicators of the new specialized complex have been studied, and periods and modes of storage during production and storage have been determined. The nutritional value has been established , that determines the functional orientation of the vitamin-mineral complex, which is confirmed by the results of clinical studies. Production tests have been conducted at the enterprises of «Art Life» Scientific Production Association (Tomsk).

The article presents the results of the conducted questionnaire on the food ration of the 18-90 year old population of the Republic of Adygeya (Maikop) and the Krasnodar Territory (Labinsk). The physiological data of the respondents are given and their body mass indices have been calculated. Different age groups of the population are considered, and also annual physiological norms of consumption of the studied groups of products are given. To assess the frequency and quantity of food consumption a survey has been conducted. The results of the survey are presented in the form of diagrams of the frequency of consumption of these groups of products according to the method developed by the Sports Nutrition Laboratory with a group of nutritional pathology of the Research Institute of Nutrition of the RAM. Estimation of the amount of consumed fruits and vegetables has been carried out by calculating the average daily consumption, the obtained data have been analyzed for compliance with physiological norms of consumption. Individual values of the periodicity of consumption have been established, as well as common features and differences in rations for the studied groups of respondents have been identified. The values of the maximum and minimum daily consumption of these types of products (fruits and vegetables) are given; summary tables have been compiled on their basis and the average daily consumption rates of products for the respondents of these age groups have been calculated.

Protein content in wheat is one of the most pressing problems of farmers, because it is this vegetable protein that plays the decisive role in ensuring the nutrition of a person. Therefore, it is not by chance that the scientific and technical program for the development of the bread-baking complex of our country provides for the selection of new highly productive varieties of grain with optimal technological, flour-grinding and baking properties, which guarantees production of high-quality bread products. So, the purpose of the research was to study technological and baking properties of new varieties and lines of high-protein wheat grain of the selection of the FSBSI «National Center for Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko». Physical and chemical research methods were applied. According to the data of the farinograph and alveograph, it was established that the grain of the studied new varieties of Veda, Vid and 02-446-29-20, 02-261-111-10 lines had a high protein content, and the flour from such grains had good technological characteristics. It is recommended to use flour from the grains of these varieties and wheat lines to produce flour of high biological value.

In modern Russia the role of advanced technologies and innovations in the development of the economy is growing. The latest technologies allow you to increase production efficiency and business processes. Traditional approaches and methods of work change as new technologies penetrate into all new industries and spheres of human activity. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to consider the impact of digitalization on the development of the economy and to determine the main directions of the digital economy development. At the same time, modern methods of scientific knowledge are used, such as analysis, synthesis; induction, abstraction. The article considers GDP growth in the conditions of digitalization, the volume of venture financing of digital projects in Russia in comparison with other countries, economic and social benefits of digitization of the economy, including the impact of the digital economy on the labor market. Attraction of direct private investment through crowdfunding platforms is proposed as a tool for the development of the digital economy. Positive effects of digital economy have been revealed. The main directions of the digital economy development have been designated: competent IT regulation, developed infrastructure, national centers of competence and digital platforms. The following segments of the digital economy have been distinguished: the first one is software products, where value added is created. The second one is the level of competence where research and development take place. Here platforms are created on the basis of which products arise. And the third segment includes the infrastructure, skilled personnel and regulatory environment devoted to the problem of describing new entities emerging in this economy, and configurating the relationships between the participants.

The problems of the regional investment sector have been assessed in the article using lean production tools. Methods of solving problems using lean production tools include identifying and formulating the causes of problems (deviations), developing corrective and preventive measures and drawing up an action plan for their implementation. The following indicators of investment attractiveness of the region have been analyzed using Pareto diagram: factors limiting production growth of enterprises in the region; motives of investment activity of enterprises of the Republic of Adygeya; investment forms of enterprises of the Republic of Adygeya; sources of investments of enterprises of the Republic of Adygeya. Pareto diagram makes it possible to focus efforts and resources on the elimination of the most significant problems and effectively distribute the efforts to resolve these problems. Strategic orientation of the socio-economic development of the region to increase the investment attractiveness of the region and ensure the competitiveness of the Republic of Adygeya requires new approaches to the analysis of problems in this area. The use of lean production techniques in the assessment of the regional investment sphere will allow to form an organizational culture based on the principles of lean production, as well as to prevent the occurrence of many losses and reveal the reserves for improving the efficiency of its development.

The oil and gas industry plays an important role in the economy of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF). This sector contributes to the formation of gross domestic product (hereinafter referred to as GDP) and the revenues of the state budget of the country. In this regard, work was carried out to identify ways to improve the efficiency of the tax system of the oil and gas sector of our country. The object of the research is social relations arising in connection with the taxation of the oil and gas sector of the RF. The subject is the taxation system of the oil and gas sector. The research provides general information about the position of our country in the overall ranking of countries in terms of mining, consumption, and oil and gas reserves. The concession taxation model of the oil industry is considered, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of charging lump-sum taxes. The major disadvantages of the current tax system in the oil and gas sector in Russia are described, and a range of measures for its improvement are proposed. Scientific works on the taxation of the oil sector in Russia make up the theoretical basis of the research. Political journalism, reference books and statistical materials make up the empirical basis. In the process of preparing the essay, along with works on taxation of the oil sector, sociological and other literature on the research topic was used in the work. Reliability and validity of the research results are provided with a theoretical analysis of the works of domestic and foreign authors, using methods that correspond to the objectives of the study.

The article consideres the nature and concepts of a creative economy, identifies the prerequisites, key factors and intermediate results of formation of creative industries abroad and in Russia. The priority of creative industries in the national policy of Great Britain has become a response to the crisis in 1980s. The support for self-organizing economic clusters of artists, cinematographers, architects, creators of advertising and media content, computer games and software made it possible to generate an innovative supply on the global market of labor division and to bring the country out of crisis. Not only European and developed Asian countries followed Great Britain, but so did Australia, the USA, New Zealand, and Canada. The phenomenon of creative economics is carefully studied to identify the most effective models and strategies for shaping the conditions under which the intellectual components of the capital and labor are factors of innovation, which make it possible to take the countries to the big leagues. In this regard, there is an increase in the importance of ideas, intellectual resources, the ability of individuals to solve emerging and potential problems innovatively, with a high degree of competitiveness and obtaining additional economic and social effects. The creative economy creates conditions for the diversification of the economies of not only developed but also developing countries creating new directions of productive economic activity.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the criteria for classifying business entities as small and medium on the basis of legal acts regulating their activities in Russian and foreign practice. It has been shown that there are no uniform approaches to the classification and definition of small and medium-sized businesses in the world practice. The most frequently used indicators include: number of employees, financial indicators (assets / turnover / investment), industry affiliation. The values of quantitative indicators also vary considerably. The lack of a unified system of classifying business entities as small and medium businesses makes it impossible to generate comparable statistical data, and, accordingly, the impossibility of performing a correct comparative analysis of development problems, as well as the performance of this sector of the economy at the global level. In this regard, it seems appropriate to develop a standard of uniform principles and criteria for classifying business entities as small and medium businesses, taking into account development features of individual countries and regions. At the same time, harmonization of approaches to defining the criteria of «small and medium business» should be considered as an important factor in ensuring the comparability of competitive advantages of business entities, as well as the use of best practices and international experience of state support and development of this economic sector.

The purpose of the research is to determine methodological and functional basis of the process of controlling innovations in enterprise management. The article deals with the problem of supporting the process of innovative projects management in the context of analyzing their effectiveness and making strategic decisions in the field of innovative development of an enterprise in the structural and functional environment of the controlling system. The works of scientists in the field of the development of approaches to the organization of controlling served as the methodological basis of the research. The article uses a systematic approach to the consideration of controlling in the enterprise system using the methodological basis of project management. As a result of the research, a scheme has been created representing the role of controlling as an element of feedback in an enterprise system, a description of the main controlling functions as an industrial enterprise management subsystem has been presented, and the role of controlling in the implementation of innovative project management processes has been clarified. It has been established that the formation of the innovation controlling system predicts the construction of an integrated communication structure ensuring collection, processing and provision of objective and reliable information for decision-making, as well as operational communicative interaction between heads of structural divisions and top management in the development and implementation of innovations.

An assessment of the initial state of farmland fertility on the basis of an agrochemical soil analysis makes it possible to determine the direction of the complex of land reclamation measures that help to increase soil fertility. The need for this is due to the development of degradation processes in the soil, as a result of which the reserves of soil humus and essential nutrients that are necessary for the productive development of plants have decreased. The authors of the article propose an assessment of the initial fertility of farmland by the main agrochemical parameters (humus G, nitrogen N, phosphorus P, potassium K and hydrolytic acidity Hg.). The evaluation analysis is based on the «integral soil fertility index» proposed by S.A. Pegov and P.M. Khomyakov. The agrochemical laboratory in the APC Kolkhoz «Pamyat Lenina» conducted analysis of the initial weighted average agrochemical state of farmland on the basis of soil survey data, and according to the results established the indicators of the initial and maximum fertility index (SG, SNPK, SНг and generalized soil index - S). With maximum reserves of humus G = 600 t / ha, and in the absence of a shortage of basic mineral nutrition elements (N: P: K = 1: 0.5: 1) and hydrolytic acidity Hg = 1, the components of the soil fertility index are: SG = 6.4 units, SNPK = 8.5 units, SНг = 5.1 units, and the generalized soil index S = 20 units. An analysis of the initial state of arable land clearly identifies a deficiency in two components of fertility: SG = 2.93 units, SNPK = 3.06 units, which is 46.3 % and 58.6 % of the maximum. Set of ameliorative measures should be directed to an increase in the humus reserves in the soil, as a result, additional supply of soil biomass; increasing doses of mineral fertilizers, bringing the ratio of mineral nutrients to the optimum. To determine the trend of changes in the state of farmland, it is necessary to conduct its forecasting.

The reduction of humus reserves, as one of the components of soil fertility, is influenced by the shortage of soil biomass on lands in agricultural use. The accumulation of humus reserves in the agrolandscape is a multifactorial process. In the article, the authors examined the "humus balance" as a factor influencing the total humus reserves in the soil. The method of calculating the balance of humus is based on the content of nitrogen in the humus. A comparative analysis of the processed research data in the SEC Kolkhoz «Memory of Lenin» in the Timashevsky district of the Krasnodar Territory shows that the proportion and yield of crops affect the balance of humus. So for grain (humus-consuming) crops, an increase in yield leads to an increase in the negative balance of humus under the crop: +(Y) = + (-ΔГ). The opposite situation under perennial leguminous (humus-forming) crops: +(Y) = +(ΔГ). In addition, a large proportion of grain (profitable) crops in the composition of arable land mainly negatively affects the average weighted humus balance of arable land. Thus, a small proportion of perennial crops does not allow for overlapping the negative dynamics of the humus balance of arable land. An increase in the share of perennial legumes, with a stable yield, would play an important role in restoring and stabilizing arable land humus reserves.

One of the ways to solve the problem of obtaining ecologically safe agricultural products is introduction of a special crop rotation based on organic farming in clean phytosanitary zone of the highlands of the republic. Spatial isolation of the mountain zone will allow growing high-quality ecologically safe vegetable products obtained by cultivation agricultural plants with typical morphological characteristics and economic and biological qualities incident to a particular variety. This will be greatly facilitated by the natural conditions of the highlands which are free from quarantine objects, viral and mycoplasmal diseases, other dangerous diseases and pests. Organic farming products support the fertility and natural state of soils. Organic production technology takes into account ecological processes and biodiversity of the production site and avoids techniques that may do harm to the ecosystem in the future. In the conducted experiments, the potato harvest was carried out strictly according to the schedule. Potato tubers were sorted out and the yield of commercial potato and its seed fraction was calculated. Commercial tubers were those that had a diameter of not less than 40 mm. The seed fraction was about 28 to 50 mm in diameter. The obtained yield data during the research showed that Nalchiksky potato variety showed an average commercial yield of about 27.2 t / ha in 2018. In our experiments we set the goal to obtain high-quality seeds from healthy tubers. After the harvest we analyzed the tubers by chemical composition to determine nutritional values, as well as the content of starch in tubers that is an important factor. According to our data, the starch content of the Nalchiksky variety was on average 17.5%, which indicated high quality of tubers.

The article presents the results of production of new potatoes with high economic efficiency, optimization of technological methods recommended for the effective cultivation of the best domestic varieties of new potatoes. Analysis of the data on the yield of early varieties of potatoes showed that the weather and climatic conditions of the production site (the steppe zone of the KBR) at the beginning of the growing season contributed better to the formation of early yield. According to our experiments, the yield was 20.3 t/ha. A sharp increase in positive temperatures during the period of sprouting together with moderate precipitation, during the growing season contributed to an increase in the yield of a mature tuber up to 22.5 t/ha. When growing potatoes, the main goal is to obtain high productivity of tubers with good quality indicators. The main indicator of the value of potato tubers is the level of starch content. According to our research, the analysis of the studied potato varieties revealed that the quality indicators of tubers depend on the varieties studied. Starch content was higher in early potato varieties. Utyonok variety which showed the result of 14.2 % was the leader among the early varieties, early Zhukovsky and Goryanka varieties were 0.9 and 1.6 % behind. The protein content in Utyonok variety was 3.11 % and Udacha was 3.03%; the protein content in Goryanka variety was the smallest number of 2.84 %. The research has revealed that the higher the yield, the lower the protein content in the plant tubers. The content of sugar in the tubers of new potatoes was the following: the early Zhukovsky variety had the highest indicator of 0.48 %, while the Udacha variety had the lowest - 0.41 %. On average, 0.44 % is a good indicator for new potatoes. The quality indicators of potatoes also include the presence of various groups of vitamins.

The article is devoted to the biochemical study of the quantitative composition of tanning substances in the plants of multi-aged shrubby cinquefoil. Cultural populations grown in the North Caucasus (the Republic of Adygea) have been analyzed. The studies have been conducted for over six years throughout the growing period, starting from the regrowth phase, budding, flowering and ending with the late fruiting phase. To study biologically active substances a well-known and tested method for determining tanning substances in medicinal plant materials has been used - the Leventhal method modified by L.А. Kursanov - which allows determining the sum of all phenolic compounds, but the use of Neubauer's conversion factor makes it possible to determine the content of tanning substances. The considered method is quite often used in physiological and biochemical studies, including biochemical analyses in tea production. The article provides a detailed analysis of investigated aboveground organs of the Caucasian populations. It has been shown that the researched plant can be used as a plant material in food and medical industry from the age of three. Particular attention was paid to the fact that during the flowering period the content of tanning substances reached its maximum.

The article is devoted to the current state of the protective forest plantations in the North-West Caucasus, the history of their creation and relevance in the national economy of the region of research. The issues of arrangement, design, breed composition of protective belts, the effectiveness of their use have been covered. At present, measures are needed in the North-West Caucasus to improve and ensure a qualitative change of generations of plantings, reconstruction of forest shelter belts, and therefore the issues under consideration are relevant. The research has revealed the current state, species composition, design of protective forest plantings in the Republic of Adygeya. Common oak, green ash, Tatarian maple, Amur maple are considered to be main forest-forming species. A brief ecological and biological characteristic of black walnut is given as a promising introduced species for field-protective forestation. Marked design - Open planted and permeable constructions are marked. In order to preserve soil fertility in the future, it is necessary to restore and construct new protective forest belts.