Yield of winter wheat varieties under different soil tillage practices in the Central zone of the Krasnodar Territory

   Introduction. A significant portion of the winter wheat harvest is used for bread production and in livestock farming. In the Kuban region, wheat is cultivated on an area of 1.6 million hectares. Russia ranks second in the world in grain exports, accounting for up to 13 % of global exports. An important factor in winter wheat cultivation is the selection of adaptive new varieties and soil preparation techniques that reduce production costs.

   Thus, the study of factors aimed at developing energy-saving technologies for promising winter wheat varieties remains relevant.

   The goal of the research was to determine, through a comprehensive investigation, the effectiveness of soil preparation practices combined with winter wheat varieties in order to obtain stable yields under the conditions of the Western Ciscaucasia.

   The results. It was found that the use of combined (surface) tillage promotes the formation of a more developed leaf surface compared to traditional plowing, and these differences were statistically significant. The application of combined tillage positively influenced the development of the photosynthetic potential of winter wheat varieties at all stages of organogenesis. The three-year study on winter wheat yield demonstrated that both the variety and method of primary soil tillage significantly affected the results. Combined soil cultivation proved to be more effective than traditional plowing for all studied varieties. The highest increase in yield (0.8 t/ha) was observed with the Elanchik variety when using combined treatment compared to moldboard ploughing.

   Conclusion. Analysis of different soil tillage practices (traditional plowing and combined tillage) showed that, on average over three years of research, an increase in yield was observed for all winter wheat varieties under surface combined tillage.

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