Comparative assessment of growth processes and yield of winter wheat varieties depending on technological elements

Introduction. In the context of climate change, it is critical to ensure a consistently high grain yield of winter wheat and its resilience to external influences. The research aims at solving this problem by adjusting some zonal agricultural technologies for winter wheat cultivation and selecting the most promising varieties, which determines its relevance. The object and methods of research. Field studies were conducted in 20232025 on an experimental field in the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory in accordance with the Field Experiment Methodology according to B.A. Dospekhov. Five varieties of winter wheat bred in Kuban ( Alekseich, Tanya, Agrofak 100, Klassika, Elanchik ) were investigated. The experimental design included soil cultivation options (plowing (control), combined). The experiment was replicated four times. Statistical data processing was performed by the analysis of variance method using the Statistica software package. The goal of the research was to study the effect of different primary tillage methods on the development of photosynthetic potential and grain yield of five winter wheat varieties. The results and discussion . It was found that soil tillage methods had a significant impact on the photosynthetic activity of winter wheat plants during the growing season. Maximum leaf area and photosynthetic potential (at a level of 2700-3020 thousand m² /ha × day) were observed in the Alekseich, Klassika, and Elanchik winter wheat varieties under combined tillage methods. On average, over the years of the research, the highest winter wheat grain yield was obtained when the Alekseich, Tanya, and Elanchik varieties were grown under surface tillage, significantly exceeding the control. Correlation analysis confirmed a close relationship between photosynthetic potential and grain yield in winter wheat.

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