Growth-regulating complexes in the Dracocephalum moldavicum L. cultivation

Introduction . Dracocephalum moldavicum L. is a representative of the Lamiaceae family, a valuable essential oil plant, based on the raw materials of which the phytopreparation “Rosmatin” with anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects was developed. The goal of the research was to develop elements of the Dracocephalum moldavica cultivation technology based on the management of the ontogenesis of the plant organism and its bioproductivity through the integrated use of organomineral fertilizers and silicon-containing microfertilizers. The object and the methods . The research on dragonhead was conducted at the North Caucasus branch of VILAR, located in the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory. At the first stage (2019-2020), the effect of Hardy's retardant (0.2 l / ha) applied during the budding phase on the essential oil content and the quality of medicinal raw materials was determined. In the second study (2021-2025), the effect of foliar treatments during the stem formation phase with EcoFus (1.0 l/ha), Absolut (2.0 l/ha) organomineral fertilizer complexes with Siliplant (0.8 l/ha) silicon-containing microfertilizer (first treatment) and during the budding phase with Hardy 0.2 l/ha or Siliplant 0.8 l/ha (second treatment) was studied. The results and discussion . It was found that a single treatment of plants during the budding phase with Hardy retardant or Siliplant silicon-containing microfertilizer led to a statistically significant increase in the essential oil content by 28 and 11%, respectively. It was also found that the use of the retardant contributed to an increase in phenolic compounds by 20% and rosmarinic acid by 27% in the Dracocephalum moldavica raw material. To increase two components of bioproductivity—yield and essential oil content—a two-stage crop treatment was advisable: during the stem-forming phase, a combination of Siliplant with the organomineral fertilizers Absolut and EcoFus; during the budding phase, Hardy or Siliplant. Conclusion. This systematic approach ensures a 16-24% yield increase and high essential oil yield per hectare, exceeding the control level by up to 58% with Hardy and up to 38% with Siliplant.

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