Some genetic aspects of increasing potato sprout resistance

Introduction. Throughout the storage period, complex physiological and biochemical processes occur in tubers, affecting their physical condition and quality. Therefore, preventing a decline in potato product quality during long-term storage is a pressing issue, and the search for ways to achieve this goal is diverse. One of the areas of the research in tuber germination and its impact on various agronomic measures implemented during potato cultivation in the field was examined.

The goal of the research was to identify genotypic prerequisites for the implementation of directional selection, taking into account, among other things, the presence of less pronounced physiological activity during long-term storage. The relationships between physiological activity during long-term storage and the cultivation of their progeny was identified.

The objects and methods of study. The study was conducted at the Selection and Seed Center of the Gorsky State Agrarian University from 2021 to 2024. All surveys and observations were conducted at the Gorsky State Agrarian University storage facility. The research involved 156 potato varieties from a collection nursery and 36 promising hybrids. The length of shadow tuber shoots and the total weight of tubers were used as biometric parameters. The study parameters were recorded in triplicate.

The results and discussion. It was found that 56.8% of 37 early-ripening varieties formed shoots less than 1 cm. Of 41 mid-early-ripening varieties, 53.7% formed shoots less than 1 cm. For the remaining maturity groups, these indicators were as follows: in the middle group – 67.7%, midlate 44.4%, in the late 50%. Only 2 varieties were studied here, and the Picasso variety demonstrated higher preservation, providing an average of less than 1 cm of shadow shoots at the time of accounting (April 14, 2021-2024).

Conclusion. Based on the survival rates of the hybrids, it was found that genotypes 14.74/30, 14.74/67, 10.11/153, 14.76/8, and 14.76/82 with sprouts up to 1 cm provided the highest survival rates.

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