Enzymatic isolation and investigation of oil from secondary fish raw materials for the use in biotechnology

. Introduction. Fish waste oil is a promising carbon substrate in microbial biotechnology.

The goal of the research was to investigate the oil enzymatically isolated from fish heads for the use in microbial synthesis as a carbon source to obtain biotechnology products.

The objects and methods of the research. The lipid fraction was extracted from fish canning waste by the action of the Alcalase microbial protease. The extraction efficiency, impurity presence, and hydrolytic and oxidative spoilage rates were determined in the obtained fat masses. The biological efficiency of the fats was assessed by the composition of alkylglyceride fatty acids.

The results and discussion. Oil from smoked sprat heads had a small spread of quality indicator values: acid number 1.7-2.4 mg KOH/g fat; peroxide number 17.325.5 mmol active oxygen/kg; thiobarbituric number 1.36-1.56 optical density units; anisidine value of 21.2-24.1 c.u. Oil from mackerel heads were characterized by wider values of the following indicators: acid value of 22.7-32.9 mg KOH/g of fat; peroxide value of 66.3-81.43 mmol of active oxygen/kg; thiobarbituric value of 2.62-3.16 units of optical density; anisidine value of 65.2-71.4 c.u. All batches of oil were characterized by high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (25.5-31.9%), omega 3 acids (24.725.8%), long-chain fatty acids (28.6-51.4%).

Conclusion. The quality indicators of fat enzymatically isolated from fish heads allowed its use in microbial biotechnology. At the Institute of Biophysics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates with high technological properties have been obtained using these fat substrates.

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