Influence of agrochemicals on the quality of tobacco raw materials

In 2016–2017 at the experimental selection site of ARSRITTP the influence of modern agrochemicals of Potassium Humate, Bio Fish, Plantafol, Mikrovit, Rexolin ABC, Floroni of the traditional mineral fertilizer ammonium nitrate on the quality of tobacco raw materials of the Virginia variety type from the world collection of the Institute was studied. The dominant indicators of the smoking benefits of tobacco are proteins, nicotine, carbohydrates and chlorine. It has been determined that three-fold foliar treatment of tobacco seedlings in the main phases of development «cross», «ligules» and «fit for planting» with complex agrochemicals improves the chemical composition of tobacco raw materials, and does not change the quantitative indicators of nicotine. The content of water-soluble carbohydrates in raw materials increased by 4–60% and 7–57%, the amount of proteins decreased by 3–11% and 8–16%, respectively, for the years under study. The preplanting application of ammonium nitrate to the soil reduces the quality of raw tobacco. Fertilizer in doses of N60 and N90 helped to reduce the amount of nicotine in tobacco over two years of research by 4–8%, and in doses of N120 and N150 to increase it by 1,5–15,0%. A decrease in the content of carbohydrates in the raw material was established with a decrease in the doses of ammonium nitrate by 39–235% relative to the control. The protein content was at the level of the variant without treatment. The amount of chlorine in the raw material is determined within the permissible limits for good flammability of tobacco (less than 0,4%).

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