Crop quality and bioenergy efficiency of soybean cultivation depending on pre-sowing seed treatment methods

Introduction. Improving the efficiency of grain legume production is an important link in solving the problem of import substitution in various areas of the Russian agro-industrial complex.

The goal of the research is to develop scientifically based methods for cultivating promising soybean varieties and improve the components of the adaptive technology for its cultivation in the foothill zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania.

The objects and methods of research. Experimental studies have been conducted in the foothill zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, which is characterized as a forest-steppe with a moderately humid climate. The soil cover of the experimental plot was represented by leached chernozem with a humus content range of 4.5...6.0%; pHsol reaction of the environment 5.9...6.3; concentration of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen of 80 mg/kg, mobile phosphorus - 90 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium - 150 mg/kg. The object of the research was the early maturing “Bars” and “Irbis” soybean varieties, as well as various microelements and plant growth regulators. Classical methods of organizing experiments, conducting phenological observations and statistical processing of the obtained information have been used in the research.

The Results and discussion. It was found that soybean agrocenoses in the variant with the use of the phytohormonal growth stimulator “fon + epin” was distinguished by the maximum protein productivity. The advantage over the control crops of the Bars variety reached 2.05...3.40 t/ha or 22.7...43.3%, while for the Irbis variety it iwas 2.10...2.91 t/ha or 31.4...38.3%. The effect of the growth stimulator Epin alone was, on average, 1.58 t/ha or 18.5% in the Bars variety crops and 1.80 t/ha or 25.1% in the Irbis variety crops over 3 years of research. Among the studied soybean varieties in the ecological conditions of the region, the Bars variety showed a significant advantage in terms of productivity, with a seed yield of 1.80...2.46 t/ha, which was 0.11...0.19 t/ha or 4.7...10.3% more than the Irbis variety.

The Conclusion. The most productive agrocenoses, in terms of bioenergetic efficiency, are soybean crops with pre-sowing seed inoculation with an active strain of rhizobia together with the use of molybdenum and manganese microelements, as well as Epin phytohormonal growth stimulator. 

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