The results of the implementation of the pear breeding program in the conditions of Adygea

Abstract

The article describes the results of work on the creation of low-growing pear varieties with a red outer color of a fruit, adapted to the conditions of the foothill zone of the North-Western Caucasus (the Republic of Adygea). Many years of studying and selection pear variety were carried out by employees of the Maikop Experimental Station, a branch of VIR. The breeding task was to combine a number of valuable traits in the genotype of new varieties: small size of trees, early onset of fruiting, high yield, bright color of fruits, their good taste and late ripening, as well as resistance to fungal diseases. A comprehensive assessment of the source material was carried out and genotypes that were promising for breeding were identified. To obtain weak-growing hybrids, the weak-growing varieties of Obilnaya, Jacques Tellier, Triomphe de Vienne, Amiral Gervais, De ľAssomption and others were used. The variety of Max Red Bartlett (Max Red Bartlett, Williams Red) and its descendants became the donors of the red outer color of the fruit. To improve the quality of fruits and late ripening, high-quality varieties of Abbé Fetel, Doyenné d'Hiver, Martin and others were used. As a result of simple and multi-stage crossings, a hybrid fund of more than 100 samples was created, from which genotypes were isolated that had a complex of positive economically valuable traits that were promising for production and selection. Their brief characteristics are given.