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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mkgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Новые технологии / New technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-0920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-0029</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МГТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47370/2072-0920-2021-17-5-82-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mkgtu-528</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование закономерностей возникновения экстернальных эффектов образования и их значимости для экономического развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of regularities of occurrence of external effects of education and their significance for the economic development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-8273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каранашев</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karanashev</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каранашев Анзор Хасанбиевич - профессор кафедры экономики и менеджмента в туризме, доктор экономических наук.</p><p>ул. Чернышевского, д. 173, Нальчик, 360004.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anzor Kh. Karanashev - a professor of the Department of Economics and Management in Tourism of FSBEI HE «Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after HM. Berbekov», Doctor of Economics.</p><p>173  Chernyshevsky str., Nalchik, 360004.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanzor77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-8894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинникова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinnikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Блинникова Алла Викторовна - доцент кафедры информационных систем, кандидат экономических наук.</p><p>Рязанский проспект, д. 99, г. Москва, 109542.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla V. Blinnikova - an associate Professor of the Department of Information Systems of FSBEI HE «State University of Management», Candidate of Economics.</p><p>99 Ryazansky prospect, Moscow, 109542.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">allarest@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5970-207X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орехов</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orekhov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орехов Виктор Дмитриевич - научный сотрудник Университета «Синергия», кандидат технических наук.</p><p>ул. Мещанская, д. 9/14, стр. 1, Москва, 129090.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor D. Orekhov - a researcher of «Synergy» University, Candidate of Technical Sciences.</p><p>9/14 Meshchanskaya str., bldg. 1, Moscow, 129090.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vorehov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х.М. Бербекова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный университет управления</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State University of Management</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет «Синергия»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Synergy University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каранашев А.Х., Блинникова А.В., Орехов В.Д., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каранашев А.Х., Блинникова А.В., Орехов В.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karanashev A.K., Blinnikova A.V., Orekhov V.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://newtechology.mkgtu.ru/jour/article/view/528">https://newtechology.mkgtu.ru/jour/article/view/528</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования является оценка количественного влияния образования на возникновение экстерналий и экономическое развитие. Показано, что повышение образования специалистов во взаимодействии с инновационной деятельностью способствует появлению экстернальных эффектов, которые имеют высокий уровень значимости для экономической динамики. В итоге суммарный вклад в ВВП в результате дополнительного года обучения специалиста с высшим образованием возрастает примерно на 50%. Реализуя этот эффект, крупнейшие экономики мира (США, Европейский Союз, Китай и Япония) в течение последних 25 лет увеличивают долю специалистов с третичным (профессиональным) образованием примерно линейно с темпом 0,8±0,2% в год. Для России положительный эффект от высокого уровня третичного образования существенно снижается за счет проблем взаимодействия с экономическим окружением. Доходы, которые получают сами инноваторы, в значительной доле случаев относительно невелики. В частности, для инновации «Открытое дистанционное образование» доход инноватора составил порядка 0,3% от доходов других получателей выгоды от инновации. Значительно большая доля доходов от инновации реализуется как экстернальный эффект других пользователей инновации, в особенности потребителей выпускаемых продуктов и последователей. Количественные оценки экстернального вклада в ВВП инновации «Открытое дистанционное образование» показывают, что они составляют порядка 14 тысяч долларов на выпускника, а всего 340 миллионов долларов в год. Полученные результаты могут использоваться для оценки отдачи от образования и разработки стратегий профессиональной подготовки персонала и инновационного развития.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the research is to assess the quantitative impact of education on the emergence of externalities and economic development. It has been shown that the increase in the education of specialists in interaction with innovative activity contributes to the emergence of external effects, which have a high level of significance for economic dynamics. As a result, the total contribution to GDP, as a result of an additional year of study for a specialist with a higher education, increases by about 50%. Realizing this effect, the largest economies of the world (the USA, the European Union, China and Japan) have been increasing the share of specialists with tertiary (vocational) education approximately linearly at a rate of 0,8 ±0,2% per year over the past 25 years. For Russia, the positive effect of a high level of tertiary education is significantly reduced due to the problems of interaction with the economic environment. The income that innovators themselves receive is, in a significant proportion of cases, relatively small. In particular, for the «Open Distance Education» innovation, the innovator's income was about 0,3% of the income of other recipients of benefits from the innovation. A significantly large share of the income from innovation is realized as an external effect of other users of the innovation, especially the consumers of the manufactured products and followers. Quantitative estimates of the external contribution to GDP of the innovation «Open Distance Education» show that they amount to about 14 thousand dollars per graduate, and only 340 million dollars a year. The findings can be used to assess the impact of education and develop strategies for staff training and innovation development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инновации</kwd><kwd>дистанционное обучение</kwd><kwd>экстерналии</kwd><kwd>человеческий капитал</kwd><kwd>отдача от образования</kwd><kwd>ВВП</kwd><kwd>экономическое развитие</kwd><kwd>НИОКР</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>innovation</kwd><kwd>distance learning</kwd><kwd>externalities</kwd><kwd>human capital</kwd><kwd>return on education</kwd><kwd>GDP</kwd><kwd>economic development</kwd><kwd>R&amp;D</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований в рамках научного проекта № 19-29-07328</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of the scientific project No. 19-29-07328</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лукьянова А.Л. 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